Adverse effects of depression in prgnancy

Possible association with factors predicting poor neonatal
outcome, including:
• preterm birth
• low birthweight
• smaller head circumference
• low Apgar scores
Increased serum cortisol and catecholamine levels may induce
adverse changes in placental function by altering uterine blood
flow and inducing uterine irritability
Stress on the fetus is associated with:
• neuronal death
• abnormal development of neural structures in
the brain
• sustained dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal
axis
Effects on the physical condition of the mother, including:
• poor attendance for antenatal care
• poor personal care
• poor diet
• more likely to smoke and take alcohol or illicit drugs
• more likely to self-harm
Interpersonal relationships can be strained/mother–baby
bonding disrupted
Children born to depressed mothers are more likely to have
behavioural problems and/or disruption in cognitive and
emotional development
If untreated, significant increase in risk of subsequent
postnatal depression